Outlets, switches & breakers

What to check electrically before buying a house

A home's electrical system is one of the more expensive and safety-critical systems to get wrong, so it's worth understanding a few red flags beyond what a general inspector may flag.

Difficulty
Professional only
Time
1–2 hours for a dedicated inspection
DIY cost
$0
Pro cost
$150–$400 for an electrical-specific inspection

Symptoms

  • Considering an offer on an older home
  • General home inspection mentioned electrical items you don't understand
  • Panel brand, wiring type, or amperage are unclear from the listing

Likely causes

  • CommonOutdated panel brands with known reliability issuesCertain older panel brands have documented histories of breakers failing to trip properly.
  • CommonInsufficient service capacity for modern usageHomes with 60–100 amp service may struggle with modern appliances, EV charging, or additions.
  • PossibleOutdated wiring types like knob-and-tube or aluminum branch wiringThese affect both safety and insurability and were common in specific eras.
  • PossibleDIY electrical work done without permitsUnpermitted work is more likely to have code violations or safety issues.

What to do

  1. Ask for the electrical panel's brand and amperage rating from the listing agent or inspection report.
  2. Ask specifically whether the home has knob-and-tube or aluminum branch wiring.
  3. Check the general inspection report for any mention of double-tapped breakers, missing grounds, or an outdated panel.
  4. Consider hiring a licensed electrician for a dedicated electrical inspection, especially on homes over 40–50 years old.
  5. Ask about permit history for any past electrical work, especially additions or panel upgrades.
  6. Factor potential panel upgrade or rewiring costs into your offer or negotiation if issues are found.
  7. Confirm smoke detectors, GFCIs, and AFCIs meet current expectations even if not strictly required for an existing home.

When to call a pro

Hire a licensed electrician for a dedicated electrical inspection on any older home, separate from the general home inspector, especially if red flags come up.

Safety

Generally low risk

Generally low risk for a careful person. Stop if anything looks different from what this guide describes.

Related guides

Operator provides AI-generated troubleshooting information. It can be wrong. For safety-critical, electrical, gas, structural, medical, automotive safety, or other high-risk problems, consult a qualified professional.