Windows errors

'Out of memory' or 'Low on memory' error appears

Windows or a specific program shows a message that the system is running low on memory or has run out of memory, even though the task you're doing doesn't seem unusually demanding.

Difficulty
Easy
Time
20–45 minutes
DIY cost
$0–$60
Pro cost
$60–$120

Symptoms

  • Notification or error specifically mentions low or out of memory
  • Programs may become sluggish or crash around the same time
  • Task Manager shows high RAM usage when checked
  • May happen consistently with certain programs or many open tabs/windows

Likely causes

  • CommonToo many programs or browser tabs open at once for the installed RAMModern browsers and applications can use a surprising amount of memory, especially with many tabs or windows open.
  • CommonA memory leak in a specific programSome software gradually consumes more and more memory the longer it runs without releasing it properly.
  • PossibleInsufficient installed RAM for current workloadsOlder or budget systems with limited RAM struggle more easily with modern software demands.
  • PossibleVirtual memory (page file) misconfigured or disabledWindows uses disk space as overflow memory, and if this is disabled or too small, low-memory errors happen sooner.
  • Less commonMalware consuming system resources in the backgroundSome malicious processes consume significant memory without an obvious visible program.

What to do

  1. Open Task Manager (Ctrl+Shift+Esc), sort processes by Memory usage, and close any programs or browser tabs you don't currently need.
  2. Restart programs that have been running for a very long time, especially web browsers, since memory leaks accumulate over time.
  3. Check Task Manager's Performance tab to see total RAM usage and how much is installed; if you're consistently near the limit during normal use, more RAM may genuinely be needed.
  4. Check virtual memory settings (System Properties > Advanced > Performance Settings > Advanced > Virtual Memory) to confirm it's set to 'Automatically manage' or has a reasonable size if manually configured.
  5. Restart the computer periodically, especially if it's been running for many days or weeks without a reboot, to clear accumulated memory usage from various processes.
  6. Run a malware scan to rule out a hidden process consuming memory in the background.
  7. If low memory errors happen consistently even with minimal programs open, and the system has 8GB of RAM or less, consider a RAM upgrade if your device supports it.

Tools and parts

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When to call a pro

If you're not sure how much RAM your PC supports or how to add more, a technician can check compatibility and install additional memory for you.

Safety

Generally low risk

Generally low risk for a careful person. Stop if anything looks different from what this guide describes.

Related guides

Operator provides AI-generated troubleshooting information. It can be wrong. For safety-critical, electrical, gas, structural, medical, automotive safety, or other high-risk problems, consult a qualified professional.