Symptoms
- Wipers don't move at any speed setting
- A humming sound but wipers don't move
- Wipers work on one speed but not others
- Wipers stop mid-stroke and won't continue
Likely causes
- CommonBlown wiper fuseA dedicated wiper fuse can blow from a jammed blade or short.
- CommonWiper motor failureThe motor that drives the wiper linkage can burn out over time.
- CommonWiper linkage frozen or jammedIce, snow buildup, or debris can jam the mechanism and stall the motor.
- PossibleFaulty wiper switchThe stalk or switch controlling wiper speed can fail internally.
- PossibleFailed wiper relay or moduleSome cars use a relay or body control module to manage wiper function.
What to do
- Check for ice, snow, or debris jamming the wiper blades and clear it before testing again.
- Check the fuse box for a blown wiper fuse and replace with the correct amperage.
- Listen for a humming sound when trying to activate wipers, which suggests the motor is trying but the linkage is stuck.
- If there's no sound at all, suspect the fuse, switch, or wiring rather than the motor.
- Try all speed settings to see if the issue is with the whole system or one specific speed.
- Avoid forcing frozen wipers to move by hand while the motor is trying to run, which can burn out the motor.
- Have a shop check the wiper motor if the fuse is fine and there's a humming sound with no movement.
- Replace the wiper switch if other stalk-controlled functions also seem affected.
Tools and parts
- Fuse puller or pliers
- Replacement fuses
- Ice scraper (if frozen)
Wiper motor assemblySearch: “windshield wiper motor for [your car make model year]”
When to call a pro
Have a shop replace the wiper motor if diagnosis points there, since accessing it can require removing cowl panels on some vehicles.
Safety
Generally low risk
Generally low risk for a careful person. Stop if anything looks different from what this guide describes.