Central A/C & heat pumps

Heat pump won't switch between heating and cooling

This usually points to a stuck reversing valve, which physically redirects refrigerant flow between the two modes.

Difficulty
Advanced
Time
Diagnosis and repair by pro
DIY cost
$0
Pro cost
$300–$900

Symptoms

  • System stays in one mode (heating or cooling) regardless of the thermostat setting
  • Switching modes on the thermostat doesn't change what comes out of the vents
  • May have started suddenly or developed gradually

Likely causes

  • CommonStuck reversing valveThis valve can stick mechanically or electrically, especially on older or infrequently used systems.
  • CommonFailed reversing valve solenoidThe small electrical coil that moves the valve can fail even if the valve itself is fine.
  • PossibleThermostat wiring or setting issueIncorrect wiring, especially after a DIY thermostat swap, can prevent the mode signal from reaching the valve.
  • Less commonLow refrigerant affecting valve operationIn some cases, inadequate refrigerant pressure can affect how reliably the valve switches.

What to do

  1. Confirm the thermostat mode selection is actually changing (check the display reflects Heat vs Cool as expected).
  2. Cycle the system off, wait a minute, then try switching modes again in case it's a one-time glitch.
  3. If you or someone else recently replaced the thermostat, double-check the wiring against the base plate diagram.
  4. Note whether the system has been stuck in one particular mode for a while (like all summer) since valves can seize from lack of use.
  5. Don't attempt to access or manipulate the reversing valve yourself; it's a refrigerant-carrying component.
  6. Call an HVAC technician to test and, if needed, replace the reversing valve or its solenoid.

Tools and parts

Heat pump reversing valve solenoidSearch: “heat pump reversing valve solenoid replacement”

When to call a pro

Call an HVAC technician to test and replace the reversing valve or solenoid if mode switching doesn't respond after basic thermostat checks.

Safety

Use caution

The reversing valve is a refrigerant-carrying component; never attempt to open or service it yourself.

Related guides

Operator provides AI-generated troubleshooting information. It can be wrong. For safety-critical, electrical, gas, structural, medical, automotive safety, or other high-risk problems, consult a qualified professional.