Lighting & ceiling fans

Fluorescent light hums or buzzes

A humming fluorescent fixture is almost always the ballast, either a normal magnetic hum or a sign it's starting to fail.

Difficulty
Moderate
Time
20–45 minutes
DIY cost
$15–$40
Pro cost
$100–$250

Symptoms

  • Steady hum or buzz coming from the fixture
  • Hum present even when the tube looks fine and lit normally
  • Hum has gotten louder over time

Likely causes

  • CommonNormal magnetic ballast humOlder magnetic ballasts naturally produce a faint 60Hz hum that's not necessarily a problem.
  • CommonA failing ballastIncreasing hum, especially paired with flicker or a burning smell, points to ballast failure.
  • PossibleA loose ballast mountingA ballast that's come loose from its mount can vibrate and hum more than normal.
  • PossibleAn electronic ballast with a failing componentEven quieter electronic ballasts can develop an audible hum as they fail.

What to do

  1. Note whether the hum is faint and constant or getting louder over time.
  2. Check if the hum is paired with any flickering, dimming, or a faint burning smell.
  3. Turn off the fixture if you smell burning and don't turn it back on.
  4. Turn off the breaker and check that the ballast is mounted securely, if you're comfortable opening the fixture.
  5. Replace the ballast if humming is new, increasing, or paired with other symptoms.
  6. Consider converting to an LED tube retrofit, which eliminates the ballast and its hum entirely.
  7. Have an electrician handle ballast replacement or LED conversion if you're not comfortable with the wiring.

Tools and parts

Replacement ballastSearch: “fluorescent fixture ballast”
LED tube retrofit kitSearch: “LED tube ballast bypass retrofit kit”

When to call a pro

Call an electrician to replace a failing ballast or convert the fixture to an LED retrofit.

Safety

Use caution

Turn off the fixture and its breaker if you smell burning, and don't ignore a hum that's getting noticeably louder.

Related guides

Operator provides AI-generated troubleshooting information. It can be wrong. For safety-critical, electrical, gas, structural, medical, automotive safety, or other high-risk problems, consult a qualified professional.