Brick mortar crumbling or missing (repointing needed)

Symptoms

• Mortar joints look powdery, crumbly, or are missing in spots
• Gaps deep enough to poke a finger into
• Bricks feel loose or wall looks slightly uneven

Likely causes

• CommonNormal aging of mortarMortar is a sacrificial, softer material meant to be replaced every few decades so the bricks don't have to be.
• CommonFreeze-thaw cyclingWater in cracks that freezes and expands accelerates mortar breakdown, especially in cold climates.
• PossibleWater intrusion from a leak aboveChronic wetting from a gutter or flashing leak speeds up mortar decay in one area.

What to do

1. Test a few joints with a key or screwdriver tip; if mortar crumbles or comes out easily, it needs repointing.
2. Identify the extent of the problem, since a few joints can be a DIY job while whole walls are a bigger project.
3. Rake out loose or damaged mortar to a consistent depth using a grinder or chisel, being careful not to damage the brick edges.
4. Clean out dust and mist the joint with water before applying new mortar so it bonds well.
5. Pack new mortar matched in type and color into the joints with a pointing trowel, then tool the joint to match the existing style.
6. Let the new mortar cure properly, keeping it damp and protected from rain for the first day or two per the product instructions.
7. Have a mason handle large areas or historic brick, since mortar type and technique matter for both looks and wall performance.

Tools and parts

• Grinder or mortar rake
• Pointing trowel
• Mixing tools

When to call a pro

Call a mason for repointing large wall areas, chimneys, or older/historic brick where mortar type matters.

Safety