Central A/C & heat pumps

AC evaporator coil is frozen

Ice on the indoor coil almost always means restricted airflow or low refrigerant, and running the system while frozen can damage the compressor.

Difficulty
Easy
Time
Several hours to thaw, 20 minutes to check
DIY cost
$0–$25
Pro cost
$200–$600

Symptoms

  • Visible ice or frost on the indoor coil or refrigerant lines
  • Weak or no airflow from vents
  • Water pooling near the indoor unit as ice melts

Likely causes

  • CommonDirty air filter restricting airflowReduced airflow over the coil lets it get too cold and ice over.
  • CommonBlocked or closed supply/return ventsSimilar effect to a dirty filter: less air moving means the coil freezes.
  • CommonLow refrigerant from a leakLow refrigerant pressure causes the coil to run colder than designed, leading to ice.
  • PossibleFailing blower motor or fan speed too lowInsufficient air movement across the coil has the same freezing effect as a dirty filter.
  • PossibleRunning the AC in cool weather or overnight with low loadVery low outdoor temperatures or light use can sometimes cause icing even with a healthy system.

What to do

  1. Turn the thermostat to Off, but leave the fan on Fan Only (not Auto) to help the coil thaw faster.
  2. Replace the air filter if it's dirty.
  3. Check all supply and return vents are open and unblocked.
  4. Let the system thaw completely, which can take several hours, before restarting cooling mode.
  5. Once thawed and restarted, watch for ice returning within a few hours, which points to airflow or refrigerant as the ongoing cause.
  6. If ice keeps returning after a filter change, call a technician to check refrigerant levels and the blower.

Tools and parts

AC air filterSearch: “central air filter size replacement”

When to call a pro

Call an HVAC technician if the coil freezes again after a filter change and open vents; low refrigerant is a common repeat cause.

Safety

Generally low risk

Generally low risk for a careful person. Stop if anything looks different from what this guide describes.

Related guides

Operator provides AI-generated troubleshooting information. It can be wrong. For safety-critical, electrical, gas, structural, medical, automotive safety, or other high-risk problems, consult a qualified professional.