Symptoms
- Outdoor fan may run but no compressor sound (a deeper hum or vibration)
- AC blows air but it isn't cold
- System may click and try repeatedly without starting
Likely causes
- CommonFailed start or run capacitorThe compressor needs a capacitor's extra boost to start; without it, it can't turn on at all.
- CommonFailed contactor not sending power to the compressorThis relay switches power to the outdoor unit and can fail with worn or pitted contacts.
- PossibleCompressor overload protector trippedA built-in safety can shut the compressor down if it's overheating or drawing too much current.
- Less commonSeized or failed compressorAfter ruling out capacitor and contactor, the compressor itself may have failed internally.
What to do
- Check that the outdoor fan is running; if the fan runs but there's no cooling and no compressor sound, focus on the compressor circuit.
- Turn off power at the disconnect before any closer inspection.
- Note if the system attempts to start repeatedly or clicks without engaging, which points to the contactor or capacitor.
- Don't attempt to test or bypass the contactor or capacitor yourself; these carry line voltage and stored charge.
- Call an HVAC technician to test the capacitor, contactor, and compressor windings in sequence to find the actual cause.
Tools and parts
AC contactorSearch: “air conditioner condenser contactor replacement”
AC dual run capacitorSearch: “air conditioner dual run capacitor correct rating”
When to call a pro
Call an HVAC technician to diagnose the compressor circuit; a failed compressor itself can be a significant repair or point toward system replacement.
Safety
Use caution
Never test compressor circuits yourself; they carry line voltage and can include stored capacitor charge.