Drives & data

RAID array shows as degraded

A degraded RAID array means one drive has failed or dropped out, but the data is usually still intact and accessible until you replace the failed drive.

Difficulty
Moderate
Time
1–3 hours
DIY cost
$80–$300
Pro cost
$300–$1000

Symptoms

  • RAID controller or NAS software reports 'degraded' status
  • One drive's status light is off or red while others are normal
  • Array still works but performance is worse than usual
  • Notification or email alert about array health

Likely causes

  • CommonOne physical drive in the array has failed or disconnectedThis is exactly what 'degraded' means: redundancy is gone but data usually survives.
  • PossibleA drive was removed or a cable came looseSometimes it's a connection issue rather than true drive failure.
  • PossibleA drive is throwing enough errors to be automatically dropped from the arrayThe controller protects the array by ejecting an unreliable drive.

What to do

  1. Identify exactly which drive is reported as failed or missing in the RAID/NAS management software.
  2. Check that drive's physical connection (power and data cables) before assuming it's dead.
  3. Do not remove or swap any other drives in the array while it's degraded.
  4. Back up the data on the array now if at all possible, since a degraded array has no redundancy left.
  5. Once backed up, replace the failed drive with a new one of equal or greater capacity.
  6. Start the rebuild process through the RAID/NAS software and avoid using the array heavily until it finishes.
  7. If a second drive fails during rebuild, stop and get professional RAID recovery help before doing anything else.

Tools and parts

Replacement hard drive matching array specsSearch: “NAS-rated hard drive same capacity”

When to call a pro

If a second drive fails during a rebuild, or the array won't rebuild cleanly, stop immediately and consult a RAID data recovery specialist rather than retrying.

Safety

Generally low risk

Generally low risk for a careful person. Stop if anything looks different from what this guide describes.

Related guides

Operator provides AI-generated troubleshooting information. It can be wrong. For safety-critical, electrical, gas, structural, medical, automotive safety, or other high-risk problems, consult a qualified professional.