Symptoms
- Fan runs constantly at high speed
- System feels sluggish across all apps
- CPU usage shows near 100% in system monitor
- Laptop feels hot to the touch
Likely causes
- CommonA runaway or stuck application processA crashed but still-running process can consume a full CPU core indefinitely.
- CommonBackground system update or indexingSearch indexing or package updates can spike CPU temporarily.
- PossibleMalware or cryptomining scriptUnusual processes with random names using high CPU can indicate compromise.
- PossibleDust-clogged cooling reducing efficiencyPoor cooling makes the CPU work harder and throttle more under normal loads.
What to do
- Open a system monitor (System Monitor GUI or 'top'/'htop' in terminal) and sort by CPU usage.
- Identify the top process; if it's an app you recognize acting up, close it normally first.
- If a process won't close, end it with 'kill [PID]' or 'kill -9 [PID]' as a last resort.
- Check if the usage returns after ending it, which points to something relaunching it automatically.
- Search the process name online if unfamiliar, since some legitimate system processes have unclear names.
- If usage stays high with no clear cause, run an antivirus/rootkit scan (like ClamAV or rkhunter) as a precaution.
- Clean dust from vents and fans if the machine runs hot even at idle.
Tools and parts
- Compressed air can (for dust)
When to call a pro
If a scan finds malware you can't remove, or the machine runs hot even after cleaning, a technician can help.
Safety
Generally low risk
Generally low risk for a careful person. Stop if anything looks different from what this guide describes.