Symptoms
- Battery/charging warning light was on before the car died
- Dimming headlights or interior lights while driving beforehand
- Car eventually wouldn't crank or cranked slowly
- May have had electrical issues like slow power windows recently
Likely causes
- CommonFailing alternator not charging the batteryIf the alternator stops charging, the battery slowly drains until the car won't start.
- CommonWorn or slipping serpentine belt (drives the alternator)A loose or worn belt can cause the alternator to spin inconsistently or not at all.
- PossibleBad alternator connections or wiringA loose plug or corroded wire can interrupt charging even with a good alternator.
- PossibleBattery that's simply worn out and can no longer hold a chargeAn old battery can show similar symptoms even with a healthy alternator.
- Less commonBlown fuse in the charging circuitSome vehicles fuse the alternator output, and a blown fuse stops charging entirely.
What to do
- Try jump-starting the car; if it starts but the battery light stays on, the alternator likely isn't charging it.
- With the engine running (if it starts), check whether the battery light goes off; if not, don't turn the engine off, and get it looked at soon.
- Check the serpentine belt for visible cracking, glazing, or looseness, and listen for a squeal that suggests slipping.
- Have the alternator output tested with a multimeter or at an auto parts store if you can get the car running.
- If it won't start even with a jump, treat it as a charging system failure and have it towed rather than repeatedly jumping it.
- Avoid driving on a battery light for long, since you can strand yourself once the battery fully depletes.
- Replace the battery only after confirming the alternator is charging properly, or the new battery will drain too.
- Check charging system wiring connections for corrosion or looseness if the alternator itself tests fine.
Tools and parts
- Jumper cables or jump box
- Multimeter
AlternatorSearch: “alternator for [year make model]”
Serpentine beltSearch: “serpentine belt for [year make model]”
When to call a pro
A shop can quickly load-test the alternator and battery together to tell you which part (or both) needs replacing.
Safety
Generally low risk
Generally low risk for a careful person. Stop if anything looks different from what this guide describes.