Electric water heater heating element has failed

Symptoms

• Water is lukewarm or cold despite the unit running
• One of two elements may still be working, giving partial hot water
• Breaker may trip when the bad element is powered
• No leaks or unusual noises necessarily present

Likely causes

• CommonUpper heating element burned outSince the upper element heats first, its failure often means no hot water at all.
• CommonLower heating element burned outA failed lower element usually still allows some hot water from the upper portion, but it runs out fast.
• PossibleSediment coating an element and causing it to overheat and fail earlySediment buildup insulates the element from the water, causing it to overheat internally.
• PossibleAge-related wearElements typically last 6–10 years depending on water quality.

What to do

1. Turn off power to the water heater at the breaker before opening any access panel.
2. Remove the access panel, insulation, and plastic cover to reach the element and thermostat.
3. Use a multimeter to test the element for continuity; no continuity (open circuit) confirms a burned-out element.
4. If replacing, turn off the water supply and drain the tank partially below the element being replaced.
5. Remove the old element with an element wrench, install a new gasket, and thread in the new element carefully to avoid cross-threading.
6. Refill the tank fully before restoring power, since running an electric element dry can destroy it immediately.

Tools and parts

• Multimeter
• Element wrench
• Screwdriver
• Garden hose (for partial draining)

When to call a pro

If you're not comfortable testing with a multimeter or working around household electrical wiring, have a licensed technician replace the element.

Safety