Symptoms
- Steady or intermittent humming sound
- No cold air felt near the vents
- Hum may stop and restart every few minutes
- Unit feels warm to the touch on the back or sides
Likely causes
- CommonFailed start relayThis small component helps the compressor start; when it fails, the compressor hums but never kicks in.
- PossibleWeak or failed start capacitorThe capacitor provides the extra push needed to start the compressor motor.
- PossibleCompressor motor winding failureInternal motor damage can prevent the compressor from starting even with good relay and capacitor.
- Less commonSeized compressorA fully seized compressor will hum and draw current but never run, usually at end of life.
What to do
- Unplug the unit for about 5 minutes to let it reset, then plug it back in and listen for a normal start.
- Feel the compressor area (bottom back of the unit) for excessive heat, which can indicate a stuck start attempt.
- Do not keep repeatedly plugging and unplugging, as this can further stress the compressor windings.
- Note whether the humming is continuous or cycles on and off every few minutes, which helps a technician diagnose faster.
- This repair involves testing electrical components with the unit open, which is best left to a professional.
- Weigh the cost of compressor-related repairs against the age and value of the unit before committing to a fix.
Tools and parts
Compressor start relay and capacitorSearch: “refrigerator compressor start relay capacitor”
When to call a pro
Humming without cooling almost always needs a technician to test the start relay, capacitor, and compressor windings.
Safety
Use caution
Do not open the compressor compartment or attempt electrical testing yourself; this involves high startup current and should be handled by a trained technician.